iv. Add measure bounds for Case Start to Case End (no boundaries currently) - need
them for IM sites
c. NMB 02 – Appropriate Reversal
i. Measuring patients that receive a reversal agent after you have given a non-
depolarizing neuromuscular blocker.
ii. To account for cases where a dose of muscle relaxant was given early in the case,
and then not re-dosed, this measure does not require that neostigmine be
administered if a non-depolarizer was not administered for 3 hours before
extubation for adults and 2 hours for pediatric patients.
iii. An acceleromyography ratio of ≥ 0.9 documented after last dose of NMB and
before earliest extubation is also included as a measure of success.
iv. Discussion
1. Numerous studies have documented that it is not possible to determine
if neuromuscular function has recovered to more than a train-of-four
ratio > 0.4 using clinical evaluation (head lift, hand grip) or tactile or
visual evaluation with a qualitative neuromuscular function monitor.
2. It is, therefore, likely that the clinicians who did not reverse NDNMB
were relying on one of these techniques to evaluate neuromuscular
recovery
3. What is the real impact of time alone? Is 3 hours sufficient or should we
increase back to 4 hours? Variation in patient response to non-
depolarizers? Should all patients receive reversal?
4. Conclusion – No changes yet. Consider removing 3 hour criteria for not
requiring reversal.
5. If we completely removed the criteria to give reversal, we see that there
are providers that are not using reversal and are depending on the
duration of action for NMB to be limited to 3 hours. Based on recent
literature, our spec may be incongruous with best practice which may
suggest reversal on all patients unless acceleromyography of >/=0.9 is
achieved.
6. Input
a. Kathleen Collins, CRNA (Trinity - St. Mary’s Livonia) – Site has
been more proactive in reversing patients over the past year and
have seen positive results. In support of requiring reversal.
b. Dr. Josh Berris (Beaumont Farmington Hills) – Sugammadex has
highlighted how well patients do when they are reversed
properly before extubation. Historically, providers relied on
subjective measurements or extended time period since last
dose of NMB to determine if reversal was needed. Since using
Sugammadex, providers enlightened as to what reversal really
looks like. In support of requiring reversal.